diff --git a/src/infra/push-apns.store.test.ts b/src/infra/push-apns.store.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..210a9f791c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/infra/push-apns.store.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+import fs from "node:fs/promises";
+import os from "node:os";
+import path from "node:path";
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import {
+  clearApnsRegistration,
+  clearApnsRegistrationIfCurrent,
+  loadApnsRegistration,
+  registerApnsRegistration,
+  registerApnsToken,
+} from "./push-apns.js";
+
+const tempDirs: string[] = [];
+
+async function makeTempDir(): Promise<string> {
+  const dir = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "openclaw-push-apns-store-test-"));
+  tempDirs.push(dir);
+  return dir;
+}
+
+afterEach(async () => {
+  while (tempDirs.length > 0) {
+    const dir = tempDirs.pop();
+    if (dir) {
+      await fs.rm(dir, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    }
+  }
+});
+
+describe("push APNs registration store", () => {
+  it("stores and reloads direct APNs registrations", async () => {
+    const baseDir = await makeTempDir();
+    const saved = await registerApnsToken({
+      nodeId: "ios-node-1",
+      token: "ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234",
+      topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
+      environment: "sandbox",
+      baseDir,
+    });
+
+    const loaded = await loadApnsRegistration("ios-node-1", baseDir);
+    expect(loaded).toMatchObject({
+      nodeId: "ios-node-1",
+      transport: "direct",
+      topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
+      environment: "sandbox",
+      updatedAtMs: saved.updatedAtMs,
+    });
+    expect(loaded && loaded.transport === "direct" ? loaded.token : null).toBe(
+      "abcd1234abcd1234abcd1234abcd1234",
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("stores relay-backed registrations without a raw token", async () => {
+    const baseDir = await makeTempDir();
+    const saved = await registerApnsRegistration({
+      nodeId: "ios-node-relay",
+      transport: "relay",
+      relayHandle: "relay-handle-123",
+      sendGrant: "send-grant-123",
+      installationId: "install-123",
+      topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
+      environment: "production",
+      distribution: "official",
+      tokenDebugSuffix: " abcd-1234 ",
+      baseDir,
+    });
+
+    const loaded = await loadApnsRegistration("ios-node-relay", baseDir);
+    expect(saved.transport).toBe("relay");
+    expect(loaded).toMatchObject({
+      nodeId: "ios-node-relay",
+      transport: "relay",
+      relayHandle: "relay-handle-123",
+      sendGrant: "send-grant-123",
+      installationId: "install-123",
+      topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
+      environment: "production",
+      distribution: "official",
+      tokenDebugSuffix: "abcd1234",
+    });
+    expect(loaded && "token" in loaded).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it("normalizes legacy direct records from disk and ignores invalid entries", async () => {
+    const baseDir = await makeTempDir();
+    const statePath = path.join(baseDir, "push", "apns-registrations.json");
+    await fs.mkdir(path.dirname(statePath), { recursive: true });
+    await fs.writeFile(
+      statePath,
+      `${JSON.stringify(
+        {
+          registrationsByNodeId: {
+            " ios-node-legacy ": {
+              nodeId: " ios-node-legacy ",
+              token: "<ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234>",
+              topic: " ai.openclaw.ios ",
+              environment: " PRODUCTION ",
+              updatedAtMs: 3,
+            },
+            "   ": {
+              nodeId: " ios-node-fallback ",
+              token: "<ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234>",
+              topic: " ai.openclaw.ios ",
+              updatedAtMs: 2,
+            },
+            "ios-node-bad-relay": {
+              transport: "relay",
+              nodeId: "ios-node-bad-relay",
+              relayHandle: "relay-handle-123",
+              sendGrant: "send-grant-123",
+              installationId: "install-123",
+              topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
+              environment: "production",
+              distribution: "beta",
+              updatedAtMs: 1,
+            },
+          },
+        },
+        null,
+        2,
+      )}\n`,
+      "utf8",
+    );
+
+    await expect(loadApnsRegistration("ios-node-legacy", baseDir)).resolves.toMatchObject({
+      nodeId: "ios-node-legacy",
+      transport: "direct",
+      token: "abcd1234abcd1234abcd1234abcd1234",
+      topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
+      environment: "production",
+      updatedAtMs: 3,
+    });
+    await expect(loadApnsRegistration("ios-node-fallback", baseDir)).resolves.toMatchObject({
+      nodeId: "ios-node-fallback",
+      transport: "direct",
+      topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
+      environment: "sandbox",
+      updatedAtMs: 2,
+    });
+    await expect(loadApnsRegistration("ios-node-bad-relay", baseDir)).resolves.toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it("falls back cleanly for malformed or missing registration state", async () => {
+    const baseDir = await makeTempDir();
+    const statePath = path.join(baseDir, "push", "apns-registrations.json");
+    await fs.mkdir(path.dirname(statePath), { recursive: true });
+    await fs.writeFile(statePath, "[]", "utf8");
+
+    await expect(loadApnsRegistration("ios-node-missing", baseDir)).resolves.toBeNull();
+    await expect(loadApnsRegistration("   ", baseDir)).resolves.toBeNull();
+    await expect(clearApnsRegistration("   ", baseDir)).resolves.toBe(false);
+    await expect(clearApnsRegistration("ios-node-missing", baseDir)).resolves.toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it("rejects invalid direct and relay registration inputs", async () => {
+    const baseDir = await makeTempDir();
+    const oversized = "x".repeat(257);
+
+    await expect(
+      registerApnsToken({
+        nodeId: "ios-node-1",
+        token: "not-a-token",
+        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
+        baseDir,
+      }),
+    ).rejects.toThrow("invalid APNs token");
+    await expect(
+      registerApnsToken({
+        nodeId: "n".repeat(257),
+        token: "ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234",
+        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
+        baseDir,
+      }),
+    ).rejects.toThrow("nodeId required");
+    await expect(
+      registerApnsToken({
+        nodeId: "ios-node-1",
+        token: "A".repeat(513),
+        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
+        baseDir,
+      }),
+    ).rejects.toThrow("invalid APNs token");
+    await expect(
+      registerApnsToken({
+        nodeId: "ios-node-1",
+        token: "ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234",
+        topic: "a".repeat(256),
+        baseDir,
+      }),
+    ).rejects.toThrow("topic required");
+    await expect(
+      registerApnsRegistration({
+        nodeId: "ios-node-relay",
+        transport: "relay",
+        relayHandle: "relay-handle-123",
+        sendGrant: "send-grant-123",
+        installationId: "install-123",
+        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
+        environment: "staging",
+        distribution: "official",
+        baseDir,
+      }),
+    ).rejects.toThrow("relay registrations must use production environment");
+    await expect(
+      registerApnsRegistration({
+        nodeId: "ios-node-relay",
+        transport: "relay",
+        relayHandle: "relay-handle-123",
+        sendGrant: "send-grant-123",
+        installationId: "install-123",
+        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
+        environment: "production",
+        distribution: "beta",
+        baseDir,
+      }),
+    ).rejects.toThrow("relay registrations must use official distribution");
+    await expect(
+      registerApnsRegistration({
+        nodeId: "ios-node-relay",
+        transport: "relay",
+        relayHandle: oversized,
+        sendGrant: "send-grant-123",
+        installationId: "install-123",
+        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
+        environment: "production",
+        distribution: "official",
+        baseDir,
+      }),
+    ).rejects.toThrow("relayHandle too long");
+    await expect(
+      registerApnsRegistration({
+        nodeId: "ios-node-relay",
+        transport: "relay",
+        relayHandle: "relay-handle-123",
+        sendGrant: "send-grant-123",
+        installationId: oversized,
+        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
+        environment: "production",
+        distribution: "official",
+        baseDir,
+      }),
+    ).rejects.toThrow("installationId too long");
+    await expect(
+      registerApnsRegistration({
+        nodeId: "ios-node-relay",
+        transport: "relay",
+        relayHandle: "relay-handle-123",
+        sendGrant: "x".repeat(1025),
+        installationId: "install-123",
+        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
+        environment: "production",
+        distribution: "official",
+        baseDir,
+      }),
+    ).rejects.toThrow("sendGrant too long");
+  });
+
+  it("persists with a trailing newline and clears registrations", async () => {
+    const baseDir = await makeTempDir();
+    await registerApnsToken({
+      nodeId: "ios-node-1",
+      token: "ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234",
+      topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
+      baseDir,
+    });
+
+    const statePath = path.join(baseDir, "push", "apns-registrations.json");
+    await expect(fs.readFile(statePath, "utf8")).resolves.toMatch(/\n$/);
+    await expect(clearApnsRegistration("ios-node-1", baseDir)).resolves.toBe(true);
+    await expect(loadApnsRegistration("ios-node-1", baseDir)).resolves.toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it("only clears a registration when the stored entry still matches", async () => {
+    vi.useFakeTimers();
+    try {
+      const baseDir = await makeTempDir();
+      vi.setSystemTime(new Date("2026-03-11T00:00:00Z"));
+      const stale = await registerApnsToken({
+        nodeId: "ios-node-1",
+        token: "ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234",
+        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
+        environment: "sandbox",
+        baseDir,
+      });
+
+      vi.setSystemTime(new Date("2026-03-11T00:00:01Z"));
+      const fresh = await registerApnsToken({
+        nodeId: "ios-node-1",
+        token: "ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234",
+        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
+        environment: "sandbox",
+        baseDir,
+      });
+
+      await expect(
+        clearApnsRegistrationIfCurrent({
+          nodeId: "ios-node-1",
+          registration: stale,
+          baseDir,
+        }),
+      ).resolves.toBe(false);
+      await expect(loadApnsRegistration("ios-node-1", baseDir)).resolves.toEqual(fresh);
+    } finally {
+      vi.useRealTimers();
+    }
+  });
+});
diff --git a/src/infra/push-apns.test.ts b/src/infra/push-apns.test.ts
index 89e8fb319f6..949e4632282 100644
--- a/src/infra/push-apns.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/push-apns.test.ts
@@ -1,27 +1,10 @@
 import { generateKeyPairSync } from "node:crypto";
-import fs from "node:fs/promises";
-import os from "node:os";
-import path from "node:path";
 import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
-import {
-  clearApnsRegistration,
-  clearApnsRegistrationIfCurrent,
-  loadApnsRegistration,
-  registerApnsRegistration,
-  registerApnsToken,
-  sendApnsAlert,
-  sendApnsBackgroundWake,
-} from "./push-apns.js";
+import { sendApnsAlert, sendApnsBackgroundWake } from "./push-apns.js";
 
-const tempDirs: string[] = [];
 const testAuthPrivateKey = generateKeyPairSync("ec", { namedCurve: "prime256v1" })
   .privateKey.export({ format: "pem", type: "pkcs8" })
   .toString();
-async function makeTempDir(): Promise<string> {
-  const dir = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "openclaw-push-apns-test-"));
-  tempDirs.push(dir);
-  return dir;
-}
 
 function createDirectApnsSendFixture(params: {
   nodeId: string;
@@ -48,229 +31,6 @@ function createDirectApnsSendFixture(params: {
 
 afterEach(async () => {
   vi.unstubAllGlobals();
-  while (tempDirs.length > 0) {
-    const dir = tempDirs.pop();
-    if (dir) {
-      await fs.rm(dir, { recursive: true, force: true });
-    }
-  }
-});
-
-describe("push APNs registration store", () => {
-  it("stores and reloads node APNs registration", async () => {
-    const baseDir = await makeTempDir();
-    const saved = await registerApnsToken({
-      nodeId: "ios-node-1",
-      token: "ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234",
-      topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
-      environment: "sandbox",
-      baseDir,
-    });
-
-    const loaded = await loadApnsRegistration("ios-node-1", baseDir);
-    expect(loaded).not.toBeNull();
-    expect(loaded?.nodeId).toBe("ios-node-1");
-    expect(loaded?.transport).toBe("direct");
-    expect(loaded && loaded.transport === "direct" ? loaded.token : null).toBe(
-      "abcd1234abcd1234abcd1234abcd1234",
-    );
-    expect(loaded?.topic).toBe("ai.openclaw.ios");
-    expect(loaded?.environment).toBe("sandbox");
-    expect(loaded?.updatedAtMs).toBe(saved.updatedAtMs);
-  });
-
-  it("stores and reloads relay-backed APNs registrations without a raw token", async () => {
-    const baseDir = await makeTempDir();
-    const saved = await registerApnsRegistration({
-      nodeId: "ios-node-relay",
-      transport: "relay",
-      relayHandle: "relay-handle-123",
-      sendGrant: "send-grant-123",
-      installationId: "install-123",
-      topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
-      environment: "production",
-      distribution: "official",
-      tokenDebugSuffix: "abcd1234",
-      baseDir,
-    });
-
-    const loaded = await loadApnsRegistration("ios-node-relay", baseDir);
-    expect(saved.transport).toBe("relay");
-    expect(loaded).toMatchObject({
-      nodeId: "ios-node-relay",
-      transport: "relay",
-      relayHandle: "relay-handle-123",
-      sendGrant: "send-grant-123",
-      installationId: "install-123",
-      topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
-      environment: "production",
-      distribution: "official",
-      tokenDebugSuffix: "abcd1234",
-    });
-    expect(loaded && "token" in loaded).toBe(false);
-  });
-
-  it("rejects invalid APNs tokens", async () => {
-    const baseDir = await makeTempDir();
-    await expect(
-      registerApnsToken({
-        nodeId: "ios-node-1",
-        token: "not-a-token",
-        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
-        baseDir,
-      }),
-    ).rejects.toThrow("invalid APNs token");
-  });
-
-  it("rejects oversized direct APNs registration fields", async () => {
-    const baseDir = await makeTempDir();
-    await expect(
-      registerApnsToken({
-        nodeId: "n".repeat(257),
-        token: "ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234",
-        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
-        baseDir,
-      }),
-    ).rejects.toThrow("nodeId required");
-    await expect(
-      registerApnsToken({
-        nodeId: "ios-node-1",
-        token: "A".repeat(513),
-        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
-        baseDir,
-      }),
-    ).rejects.toThrow("invalid APNs token");
-    await expect(
-      registerApnsToken({
-        nodeId: "ios-node-1",
-        token: "ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234",
-        topic: "a".repeat(256),
-        baseDir,
-      }),
-    ).rejects.toThrow("topic required");
-  });
-
-  it("rejects relay registrations that do not use production/official values", async () => {
-    const baseDir = await makeTempDir();
-    await expect(
-      registerApnsRegistration({
-        nodeId: "ios-node-relay",
-        transport: "relay",
-        relayHandle: "relay-handle-123",
-        sendGrant: "send-grant-123",
-        installationId: "install-123",
-        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
-        environment: "staging",
-        distribution: "official",
-        baseDir,
-      }),
-    ).rejects.toThrow("relay registrations must use production environment");
-    await expect(
-      registerApnsRegistration({
-        nodeId: "ios-node-relay",
-        transport: "relay",
-        relayHandle: "relay-handle-123",
-        sendGrant: "send-grant-123",
-        installationId: "install-123",
-        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
-        environment: "production",
-        distribution: "beta",
-        baseDir,
-      }),
-    ).rejects.toThrow("relay registrations must use official distribution");
-  });
-
-  it("rejects oversized relay registration identifiers", async () => {
-    const baseDir = await makeTempDir();
-    const oversized = "x".repeat(257);
-    await expect(
-      registerApnsRegistration({
-        nodeId: "ios-node-relay",
-        transport: "relay",
-        relayHandle: oversized,
-        sendGrant: "send-grant-123",
-        installationId: "install-123",
-        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
-        environment: "production",
-        distribution: "official",
-        baseDir,
-      }),
-    ).rejects.toThrow("relayHandle too long");
-    await expect(
-      registerApnsRegistration({
-        nodeId: "ios-node-relay",
-        transport: "relay",
-        relayHandle: "relay-handle-123",
-        sendGrant: "send-grant-123",
-        installationId: oversized,
-        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
-        environment: "production",
-        distribution: "official",
-        baseDir,
-      }),
-    ).rejects.toThrow("installationId too long");
-    await expect(
-      registerApnsRegistration({
-        nodeId: "ios-node-relay",
-        transport: "relay",
-        relayHandle: "relay-handle-123",
-        sendGrant: "x".repeat(1025),
-        installationId: "install-123",
-        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
-        environment: "production",
-        distribution: "official",
-        baseDir,
-      }),
-    ).rejects.toThrow("sendGrant too long");
-  });
-
-  it("clears registrations", async () => {
-    const baseDir = await makeTempDir();
-    await registerApnsToken({
-      nodeId: "ios-node-1",
-      token: "ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234",
-      topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
-      baseDir,
-    });
-
-    await expect(clearApnsRegistration("ios-node-1", baseDir)).resolves.toBe(true);
-    await expect(loadApnsRegistration("ios-node-1", baseDir)).resolves.toBeNull();
-  });
-
-  it("only clears a registration when the stored entry still matches", async () => {
-    vi.useFakeTimers();
-    try {
-      const baseDir = await makeTempDir();
-      vi.setSystemTime(new Date("2026-03-11T00:00:00Z"));
-      const stale = await registerApnsToken({
-        nodeId: "ios-node-1",
-        token: "ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234",
-        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
-        environment: "sandbox",
-        baseDir,
-      });
-
-      vi.setSystemTime(new Date("2026-03-11T00:00:01Z"));
-      const fresh = await registerApnsToken({
-        nodeId: "ios-node-1",
-        token: "ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234ABCD1234",
-        topic: "ai.openclaw.ios",
-        environment: "sandbox",
-        baseDir,
-      });
-
-      await expect(
-        clearApnsRegistrationIfCurrent({
-          nodeId: "ios-node-1",
-          registration: stale,
-          baseDir,
-        }),
-      ).resolves.toBe(false);
-      await expect(loadApnsRegistration("ios-node-1", baseDir)).resolves.toEqual(fresh);
-    } finally {
-      vi.useRealTimers();
-    }
-  });
 });
 
 describe("push APNs send semantics", () => {