diff --git a/extensions/feishu/src/bot.checkBotMentioned.test.ts b/extensions/feishu/src/bot.checkBotMentioned.test.ts
index a7ea6792275..8aa80b31f3f 100644
--- a/extensions/feishu/src/bot.checkBotMentioned.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/feishu/src/bot.checkBotMentioned.test.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 import { describe, it, expect } from "vitest";
-import { parseFeishuMessageEvent } from "./bot.js";
+import { parseFeishuMessageEvent, type FeishuMessageEvent } from "./bot.js";
 
 // Helper to build a minimal FeishuMessageEvent for testing
 function makeEvent(
   chatType: "p2p" | "group" | "private",
   mentions?: Array<{ key: string; name: string; id: { open_id?: string } }>,
   text = "hello",
-) {
+): FeishuMessageEvent {
   return {
     sender: {
       sender_id: { user_id: "u1", open_id: "ou_sender" },
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ function makeEvent(
   };
 }
 
-function makePostEvent(content: unknown) {
+function makePostEvent(content: unknown): FeishuMessageEvent {
   return {
     sender: { sender_id: { user_id: "u1", open_id: "ou_sender" } },
     message: {
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ function makePostEvent(content: unknown) {
   };
 }
 
-function makeShareChatEvent(content: unknown) {
+function makeShareChatEvent(content: unknown): FeishuMessageEvent {
   return {
     sender: { sender_id: { user_id: "u1", open_id: "ou_sender" } },
     message: {
@@ -55,15 +55,15 @@ describe("parseFeishuMessageEvent – mentionedBot", () => {
 
   it("returns mentionedBot=false when there are no mentions", () => {
     const event = makeEvent("group", []);
-    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event as any, BOT_OPEN_ID);
+    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event, BOT_OPEN_ID);
     expect(ctx.mentionedBot).toBe(false);
   });
 
   it("falls back to sender user_id when open_id is missing", () => {
     const event = makeEvent("p2p", []);
-    (event as any).sender.sender_id = { user_id: "u_mobile_only" };
+    event.sender.sender_id = { user_id: "u_mobile_only" };
 
-    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event as any, BOT_OPEN_ID);
+    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event, BOT_OPEN_ID);
     expect(ctx.senderOpenId).toBe("u_mobile_only");
     expect(ctx.senderId).toBe("u_mobile_only");
   });
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ describe("parseFeishuMessageEvent – mentionedBot", () => {
     const event = makeEvent("group", [
       { key: "@_user_1", name: "Bot", id: { open_id: BOT_OPEN_ID } },
     ]);
-    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event as any, BOT_OPEN_ID);
+    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event, BOT_OPEN_ID);
     expect(ctx.mentionedBot).toBe(true);
   });
 
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ describe("parseFeishuMessageEvent – mentionedBot", () => {
     const event = makeEvent("group", [
       { key: "@_user_1", name: "OpenClaw Bot (Alias)", id: { open_id: BOT_OPEN_ID } },
     ]);
-    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event as any, BOT_OPEN_ID, "OpenClaw Bot");
+    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event, BOT_OPEN_ID, "OpenClaw Bot");
     expect(ctx.mentionedBot).toBe(true);
   });
 
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ describe("parseFeishuMessageEvent – mentionedBot", () => {
     const event = makeEvent("group", [
       { key: "@_user_1", name: "Alice", id: { open_id: "ou_alice" } },
     ]);
-    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event as any, BOT_OPEN_ID);
+    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event, BOT_OPEN_ID);
     expect(ctx.mentionedBot).toBe(false);
   });
 
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ describe("parseFeishuMessageEvent – mentionedBot", () => {
     const event = makeEvent("group", [
       { key: "@_user_1", name: "Alice", id: { open_id: "ou_alice" } },
     ]);
-    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event as any, undefined);
+    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event, undefined);
     expect(ctx.mentionedBot).toBe(false);
   });
 
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ describe("parseFeishuMessageEvent – mentionedBot", () => {
     const event = makeEvent("group", [
       { key: "@_user_1", name: "Alice", id: { open_id: "ou_alice" } },
     ]);
-    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event as any, "");
+    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event, "");
     expect(ctx.mentionedBot).toBe(false);
   });
 
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ describe("parseFeishuMessageEvent – mentionedBot", () => {
       [{ key: "@_bot_1", name: ".*", id: { open_id: BOT_OPEN_ID } }],
       "@NotBot hello",
     );
-    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event as any, BOT_OPEN_ID);
+    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event, BOT_OPEN_ID);
     expect(ctx.content).toBe("@NotBot hello");
   });
 
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ describe("parseFeishuMessageEvent – mentionedBot", () => {
       [{ key: ".*", name: "Bot", id: { open_id: BOT_OPEN_ID } }],
       "hello world",
     );
-    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event as any, BOT_OPEN_ID);
+    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event, BOT_OPEN_ID);
     expect(ctx.content).toBe("hello world");
   });
 
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ describe("parseFeishuMessageEvent – mentionedBot", () => {
         [{ tag: "text", text: "What does this document say" }],
       ],
     });
-    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event as any, BOT_OPEN_ID);
+    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event, BOT_OPEN_ID);
     expect(ctx.mentionedBot).toBe(true);
   });
 
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ describe("parseFeishuMessageEvent – mentionedBot", () => {
     const event = makePostEvent({
       content: [[{ tag: "text", text: "hello" }]],
     });
-    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event as any, "ou_bot_123");
+    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event, "ou_bot_123");
     expect(ctx.mentionedBot).toBe(false);
   });
 
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ describe("parseFeishuMessageEvent – mentionedBot", () => {
         [{ tag: "text", text: "hello" }],
       ],
     });
-    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event as any, "ou_bot_123");
+    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event, "ou_bot_123");
     expect(ctx.mentionedBot).toBe(false);
   });
 
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ describe("parseFeishuMessageEvent – mentionedBot", () => {
         [{ tag: "code_block", language: "ts", text: "const x = 1;" }],
       ],
     });
-    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event as any, "ou_bot_123");
+    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event, "ou_bot_123");
     expect(ctx.content).toContain("before `inline()`");
     expect(ctx.content).toContain("```ts\nconst x = 1;\n```");
   });
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ describe("parseFeishuMessageEvent – mentionedBot", () => {
       body: "Merged and Forwarded Message",
       share_chat_id: "sc_abc123",
     });
-    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event as any, "ou_bot_123");
+    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event, "ou_bot_123");
     expect(ctx.content).toBe("Merged and Forwarded Message");
   });
 
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ describe("parseFeishuMessageEvent – mentionedBot", () => {
     const event = makeShareChatEvent({
       share_chat_id: "sc_abc123",
     });
-    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event as any, "ou_bot_123");
+    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(event, "ou_bot_123");
     expect(ctx.content).toBe("[Forwarded message: sc_abc123]");
   });
 });
diff --git a/extensions/feishu/src/bot.stripBotMention.test.ts b/extensions/feishu/src/bot.stripBotMention.test.ts
index 1c23c8fced9..75947d0c7f6 100644
--- a/extensions/feishu/src/bot.stripBotMention.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/feishu/src/bot.stripBotMention.test.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
-import { parseFeishuMessageEvent } from "./bot.js";
+import { parseFeishuMessageEvent, type FeishuMessageEvent } from "./bot.js";
 
 function makeEvent(
   text: string,
   mentions?: Array<{ key: string; name: string; id: { open_id?: string; user_id?: string } }>,
   chatType: "p2p" | "group" = "p2p",
-) {
+): FeishuMessageEvent {
   return {
     sender: { sender_id: { user_id: "u1", open_id: "ou_sender" } },
     message: {
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ const BOT_OPEN_ID = "ou_bot";
 
 describe("normalizeMentions (via parseFeishuMessageEvent)", () => {
   it("returns original text when mentions are missing", () => {
-    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(makeEvent("hello world", undefined) as any, BOT_OPEN_ID);
+    const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(makeEvent("hello world", undefined), BOT_OPEN_ID);
     expect(ctx.content).toBe("hello world");
   });
 
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ describe("normalizeMentions (via parseFeishuMessageEvent)", () => {
     const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(
       makeEvent("@_bot_1 hello", [
         { key: "@_bot_1", name: "Bot", id: { open_id: "ou_bot" } },
-      ]) as any,
+      ]),
       BOT_OPEN_ID,
     );
     expect(ctx.content).toBe("hello");
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ describe("normalizeMentions (via parseFeishuMessageEvent)", () => {
         "@_bot_1 hello",
         [{ key: "@_bot_1", name: "Bot", id: { open_id: "ou_bot" } }],
         "group",
-      ) as any,
+      ),
       BOT_OPEN_ID,
     );
     expect(ctx.content).toBe("hello");
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ describe("normalizeMentions (via parseFeishuMessageEvent)", () => {
         "@_bot_1 /model",
         [{ key: "@_bot_1", name: "Bot", id: { open_id: "ou_bot" } }],
         "group",
-      ) as any,
+      ),
       BOT_OPEN_ID,
     );
     expect(ctx.content).toBe("/model");
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ describe("normalizeMentions (via parseFeishuMessageEvent)", () => {
       makeEvent("@_bot_1 @_user_alice hello", [
         { key: "@_bot_1", name: "Bot", id: { open_id: "ou_bot" } },
         { key: "@_user_alice", name: "Alice", id: { open_id: "ou_alice" } },
-      ]) as any,
+      ]),
       BOT_OPEN_ID,
     );
     expect(ctx.content).toBe('<at user_id="ou_alice">Alice</at> hello');
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ describe("normalizeMentions (via parseFeishuMessageEvent)", () => {
     const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(
       makeEvent("@_user_1 hi", [
         { key: "@_user_1", name: "Alice", id: { user_id: "uid_alice" } },
-      ]) as any,
+      ]),
       BOT_OPEN_ID,
     );
     expect(ctx.content).toBe("@Alice hi");
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ describe("normalizeMentions (via parseFeishuMessageEvent)", () => {
 
   it("falls back to plain @name when no id is present", () => {
     const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(
-      makeEvent("@_unknown hey", [{ key: "@_unknown", name: "Nobody", id: {} }]) as any,
+      makeEvent("@_unknown hey", [{ key: "@_unknown", name: "Nobody", id: {} }]),
       BOT_OPEN_ID,
     );
     expect(ctx.content).toBe("@Nobody hey");
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ describe("normalizeMentions (via parseFeishuMessageEvent)", () => {
 
   it("treats mention key regex metacharacters as literal text", () => {
     const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(
-      makeEvent("hello world", [{ key: ".*", name: "Bot", id: { open_id: "ou_bot" } }]) as any,
+      makeEvent("hello world", [{ key: ".*", name: "Bot", id: { open_id: "ou_bot" } }]),
       BOT_OPEN_ID,
     );
     expect(ctx.content).toBe("hello world");
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ describe("normalizeMentions (via parseFeishuMessageEvent)", () => {
       makeEvent("@_bot_1 hi @_user_2", [
         { key: "@_bot_1", name: "Bot One", id: { open_id: "ou_bot_1" } },
         { key: "@_user_2", name: "User Two", id: { open_id: "ou_user_2" } },
-      ]) as any,
+      ]),
       BOT_OPEN_ID,
     );
     expect(ctx.content).toBe(
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ describe("normalizeMentions (via parseFeishuMessageEvent)", () => {
     const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(
       makeEvent("@_user_1 hi", [
         { key: "@_user_1", name: "$& the user", id: { open_id: "ou_x" } },
-      ]) as any,
+      ]),
       BOT_OPEN_ID,
     );
     // $ is preserved literally (no $& pattern substitution); & is not escaped in tag body
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ describe("normalizeMentions (via parseFeishuMessageEvent)", () => {
     const ctx = parseFeishuMessageEvent(
       makeEvent("@_user_1 test", [
         { key: "@_user_1", name: "<script>", id: { open_id: "ou_x" } },
-      ]) as any,
+      ]),
       BOT_OPEN_ID,
     );
     expect(ctx.content).toBe('<at user_id="ou_x">&lt;script&gt;</at> test');
diff --git a/extensions/feishu/src/media.test.ts b/extensions/feishu/src/media.test.ts
index 77dd7fdadc0..fb5b72fe43a 100644
--- a/extensions/feishu/src/media.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/feishu/src/media.test.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { resolvePreferredOpenClawTmpDir } from "../../../src/infra/tmp-openclaw-dir.js";
+import type { ClawdbotConfig } from "../runtime-api.js";
 
 const createFeishuClientMock = vi.hoisted(() => vi.fn());
 const resolveFeishuAccountMock = vi.hoisted(() => vi.fn());
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ const messageResourceGetMock = vi.hoisted(() => vi.fn());
 const messageReplyMock = vi.hoisted(() => vi.fn());
 
 const FEISHU_MEDIA_HTTP_TIMEOUT_MS = 120_000;
+const emptyConfig: ClawdbotConfig = {};
 
 vi.mock("./client.js", () => ({
   createFeishuClient: createFeishuClientMock,
@@ -135,7 +137,7 @@ describe("sendMediaFeishu msg_type routing", () => {
 
   it("uses msg_type=media for mp4 video", async () => {
     await sendMediaFeishu({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "user:ou_target",
       mediaBuffer: Buffer.from("video"),
       fileName: "clip.mp4",
@@ -156,7 +158,7 @@ describe("sendMediaFeishu msg_type routing", () => {
 
   it("uses msg_type=audio for opus", async () => {
     await sendMediaFeishu({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "user:ou_target",
       mediaBuffer: Buffer.from("audio"),
       fileName: "voice.opus",
@@ -177,7 +179,7 @@ describe("sendMediaFeishu msg_type routing", () => {
 
   it("uses msg_type=file for documents", async () => {
     await sendMediaFeishu({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "user:ou_target",
       mediaBuffer: Buffer.from("doc"),
       fileName: "paper.pdf",
@@ -205,7 +207,7 @@ describe("sendMediaFeishu msg_type routing", () => {
     });
 
     await sendMediaFeishu({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "user:ou_target",
       mediaUrl: "https://example.com/video",
     });
@@ -231,7 +233,7 @@ describe("sendMediaFeishu msg_type routing", () => {
     });
 
     await sendMediaFeishu({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "user:ou_target",
       mediaUrl: "https://example.com/song.mp3",
     });
@@ -250,7 +252,7 @@ describe("sendMediaFeishu msg_type routing", () => {
 
   it("configures the media client timeout for image uploads", async () => {
     await sendMediaFeishu({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "user:ou_target",
       mediaBuffer: Buffer.from("image"),
       fileName: "photo.png",
@@ -266,7 +268,7 @@ describe("sendMediaFeishu msg_type routing", () => {
 
   it("uses msg_type=media when replying with mp4", async () => {
     await sendMediaFeishu({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "user:ou_target",
       mediaBuffer: Buffer.from("video"),
       fileName: "reply.mp4",
@@ -285,7 +287,7 @@ describe("sendMediaFeishu msg_type routing", () => {
 
   it("passes reply_in_thread when replyInThread is true", async () => {
     await sendMediaFeishu({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "user:ou_target",
       mediaBuffer: Buffer.from("video"),
       fileName: "reply.mp4",
@@ -306,7 +308,7 @@ describe("sendMediaFeishu msg_type routing", () => {
 
   it("omits reply_in_thread when replyInThread is false", async () => {
     await sendMediaFeishu({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "user:ou_target",
       mediaBuffer: Buffer.from("video"),
       fileName: "reply.mp4",
@@ -328,7 +330,7 @@ describe("sendMediaFeishu msg_type routing", () => {
 
     const roots = ["/allowed/workspace", "/tmp/openclaw"];
     await sendMediaFeishu({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "user:ou_target",
       mediaUrl: "/allowed/workspace/file.pdf",
       mediaLocalRoots: roots,
@@ -351,7 +353,7 @@ describe("sendMediaFeishu msg_type routing", () => {
 
     await expect(
       sendMediaFeishu({
-        cfg: {} as any,
+        cfg: emptyConfig,
         to: "user:ou_target",
         mediaUrl: "https://x/img",
         fileName: "voice.opus",
@@ -375,7 +377,7 @@ describe("sendMediaFeishu msg_type routing", () => {
     });
 
     const result = await downloadImageFeishu({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       imageKey,
     });
 
@@ -402,7 +404,7 @@ describe("sendMediaFeishu msg_type routing", () => {
     });
 
     const result = await downloadMessageResourceFeishu({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       messageId: "om_123",
       fileKey,
       type: "image",
@@ -416,7 +418,7 @@ describe("sendMediaFeishu msg_type routing", () => {
   it("rejects invalid image keys before calling feishu api", async () => {
     await expect(
       downloadImageFeishu({
-        cfg: {} as any,
+        cfg: emptyConfig,
         imageKey: "a/../../bad",
       }),
     ).rejects.toThrow("invalid image_key");
@@ -427,7 +429,7 @@ describe("sendMediaFeishu msg_type routing", () => {
   it("rejects invalid file keys before calling feishu api", async () => {
     await expect(
       downloadMessageResourceFeishu({
-        cfg: {} as any,
+        cfg: emptyConfig,
         messageId: "om_123",
         fileKey: "x/../../bad",
         type: "file",
@@ -439,7 +441,7 @@ describe("sendMediaFeishu msg_type routing", () => {
 
   it("preserves Chinese filenames for file uploads", async () => {
     await sendMediaFeishu({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "user:ou_target",
       mediaBuffer: Buffer.from("doc"),
       fileName: "测试文档.pdf",
@@ -451,7 +453,7 @@ describe("sendMediaFeishu msg_type routing", () => {
 
   it("preserves ASCII filenames unchanged for file uploads", async () => {
     await sendMediaFeishu({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "user:ou_target",
       mediaBuffer: Buffer.from("doc"),
       fileName: "report-2026.pdf",
@@ -463,7 +465,7 @@ describe("sendMediaFeishu msg_type routing", () => {
 
   it("preserves special Unicode characters (em-dash, full-width brackets) in filenames", async () => {
     await sendMediaFeishu({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "user:ou_target",
       mediaBuffer: Buffer.from("doc"),
       fileName: "报告—详情（2026）.md",
@@ -538,7 +540,7 @@ describe("downloadMessageResourceFeishu", () => {
   // Audio/video resources must use type=file, not type=audio (#8746).
   it("forwards provided type=file for non-image resources", async () => {
     const result = await downloadMessageResourceFeishu({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       messageId: "om_audio_msg",
       fileKey: "file_key_audio",
       type: "file",
@@ -558,7 +560,7 @@ describe("downloadMessageResourceFeishu", () => {
     messageResourceGetMock.mockResolvedValue(Buffer.from("fake-image-data"));
 
     const result = await downloadMessageResourceFeishu({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       messageId: "om_img_msg",
       fileKey: "img_key_1",
       type: "image",
@@ -584,7 +586,7 @@ describe("downloadMessageResourceFeishu", () => {
     });
 
     const result = await downloadMessageResourceFeishu({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       messageId: "om_video_msg",
       fileKey: "file_key_video",
       type: "file",
diff --git a/extensions/feishu/src/outbound.test.ts b/extensions/feishu/src/outbound.test.ts
index 64420f0a573..7462f65ed3e 100644
--- a/extensions/feishu/src/outbound.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/feishu/src/outbound.test.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import type { ClawdbotConfig } from "../runtime-api.js";
 
 const sendMediaFeishuMock = vi.hoisted(() => vi.fn());
 const sendMessageFeishuMock = vi.hoisted(() => vi.fn());
@@ -30,6 +31,14 @@ vi.mock("./runtime.js", () => ({
 
 import { feishuOutbound } from "./outbound.js";
 const sendText = feishuOutbound.sendText!;
+const emptyConfig: ClawdbotConfig = {};
+const cardRenderConfig: ClawdbotConfig = {
+  channels: {
+    feishu: {
+      renderMode: "card",
+    },
+  },
+};
 
 function resetOutboundMocks() {
   vi.clearAllMocks();
@@ -55,7 +64,7 @@ describe("feishuOutbound.sendText local-image auto-convert", () => {
     const { dir, file } = await createTmpImage();
     try {
       const result = await sendText({
-        cfg: {} as any,
+        cfg: emptyConfig,
         to: "chat_1",
         text: file,
         accountId: "main",
@@ -81,7 +90,7 @@ describe("feishuOutbound.sendText local-image auto-convert", () => {
 
   it("keeps non-path text on the text-send path", async () => {
     await sendText({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "chat_1",
       text: "please upload /tmp/example.png",
       accountId: "main",
@@ -102,7 +111,7 @@ describe("feishuOutbound.sendText local-image auto-convert", () => {
     sendMediaFeishuMock.mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error("upload failed"));
     try {
       await sendText({
-        cfg: {} as any,
+        cfg: emptyConfig,
         to: "chat_1",
         text: file,
         accountId: "main",
@@ -123,13 +132,7 @@ describe("feishuOutbound.sendText local-image auto-convert", () => {
 
   it("uses markdown cards when renderMode=card", async () => {
     const result = await sendText({
-      cfg: {
-        channels: {
-          feishu: {
-            renderMode: "card",
-          },
-        },
-      } as any,
+      cfg: cardRenderConfig,
       to: "chat_1",
       text: "| a | b |\n| - | - |",
       accountId: "main",
@@ -148,12 +151,12 @@ describe("feishuOutbound.sendText local-image auto-convert", () => {
 
   it("forwards replyToId as replyToMessageId on sendText", async () => {
     await sendText({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "chat_1",
       text: "hello",
       replyToId: "om_reply_1",
       accountId: "main",
-    } as any);
+    });
 
     expect(sendMessageFeishuMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
       expect.objectContaining({
@@ -167,13 +170,13 @@ describe("feishuOutbound.sendText local-image auto-convert", () => {
 
   it("falls back to threadId when replyToId is empty on sendText", async () => {
     await sendText({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "chat_1",
       text: "hello",
       replyToId: " ",
       threadId: "om_thread_2",
       accountId: "main",
-    } as any);
+    });
 
     expect(sendMessageFeishuMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
       expect.objectContaining({
@@ -193,7 +196,7 @@ describe("feishuOutbound.sendText replyToId forwarding", () => {
 
   it("forwards replyToId as replyToMessageId to sendMessageFeishu", async () => {
     await sendText({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "chat_1",
       text: "hello",
       replyToId: "om_reply_target",
@@ -212,13 +215,7 @@ describe("feishuOutbound.sendText replyToId forwarding", () => {
 
   it("forwards replyToId to sendStructuredCardFeishu when renderMode=card", async () => {
     await sendText({
-      cfg: {
-        channels: {
-          feishu: {
-            renderMode: "card",
-          },
-        },
-      } as any,
+      cfg: cardRenderConfig,
       to: "chat_1",
       text: "```code```",
       replyToId: "om_reply_target",
@@ -234,7 +231,7 @@ describe("feishuOutbound.sendText replyToId forwarding", () => {
 
   it("does not pass replyToMessageId when replyToId is absent", async () => {
     await sendText({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "chat_1",
       text: "hello",
       accountId: "main",
@@ -258,7 +255,7 @@ describe("feishuOutbound.sendMedia replyToId forwarding", () => {
 
   it("forwards replyToId to sendMediaFeishu", async () => {
     await feishuOutbound.sendMedia?.({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "chat_1",
       text: "",
       mediaUrl: "https://example.com/image.png",
@@ -275,7 +272,7 @@ describe("feishuOutbound.sendMedia replyToId forwarding", () => {
 
   it("forwards replyToId to text caption send", async () => {
     await feishuOutbound.sendMedia?.({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "chat_1",
       text: "caption text",
       mediaUrl: "https://example.com/image.png",
@@ -298,13 +295,7 @@ describe("feishuOutbound.sendMedia renderMode", () => {
 
   it("uses markdown cards for captions when renderMode=card", async () => {
     const result = await feishuOutbound.sendMedia?.({
-      cfg: {
-        channels: {
-          feishu: {
-            renderMode: "card",
-          },
-        },
-      } as any,
+      cfg: cardRenderConfig,
       to: "chat_1",
       text: "| a | b |\n| - | - |",
       mediaUrl: "https://example.com/image.png",
@@ -331,13 +322,13 @@ describe("feishuOutbound.sendMedia renderMode", () => {
 
   it("uses threadId fallback as replyToMessageId on sendMedia", async () => {
     await feishuOutbound.sendMedia?.({
-      cfg: {} as any,
+      cfg: emptyConfig,
       to: "chat_1",
       text: "caption",
       mediaUrl: "https://example.com/image.png",
       threadId: "om_thread_1",
       accountId: "main",
-    } as any);
+    });
 
     expect(sendMediaFeishuMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
       expect.objectContaining({
diff --git a/extensions/feishu/src/subagent-hooks.test.ts b/extensions/feishu/src/subagent-hooks.test.ts
index f46b8073488..d8c47bda71a 100644
--- a/extensions/feishu/src/subagent-hooks.test.ts
+++ b/extensions/feishu/src/subagent-hooks.test.ts
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@ import {
   getRequiredHookHandler,
   registerHookHandlersForTest,
 } from "../../../test/helpers/extensions/subagent-hooks.js";
-import type { OpenClawPluginApi } from "../runtime-api.js";
+import type { ClawdbotConfig, OpenClawPluginApi } from "../runtime-api.js";
 import { registerFeishuSubagentHooks } from "./subagent-hooks.js";
 import {
   __testing as threadBindingTesting,
   createFeishuThreadBindingManager,
 } from "./thread-bindings.js";
 
-const baseConfig = {
+const baseConfig: ClawdbotConfig = {
   session: { mainKey: "main", scope: "per-sender" },
   channels: { feishu: {} },
 };
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ describe("feishu subagent hook handlers", () => {
   it("binds a Feishu DM conversation on subagent_spawning", async () => {
     const handlers = registerHandlersForTest();
     const handler = getRequiredHookHandler(handlers, "subagent_spawning");
-    createFeishuThreadBindingManager({ cfg: baseConfig as any, accountId: "work" });
+    createFeishuThreadBindingManager({ cfg: baseConfig, accountId: "work" });
 
     const result = await handler(
       {
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ describe("feishu subagent hook handlers", () => {
   it("preserves the original Feishu DM delivery target", async () => {
     const handlers = registerHandlersForTest();
     const deliveryHandler = getRequiredHookHandler(handlers, "subagent_delivery_target");
-    const manager = createFeishuThreadBindingManager({ cfg: baseConfig as any, accountId: "work" });
+    const manager = createFeishuThreadBindingManager({ cfg: baseConfig, accountId: "work" });
 
     manager.bindConversation({
       conversationId: "ou_sender_1",
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ describe("feishu subagent hook handlers", () => {
     const handlers = registerHandlersForTest();
     const spawnHandler = getRequiredHookHandler(handlers, "subagent_spawning");
     const deliveryHandler = getRequiredHookHandler(handlers, "subagent_delivery_target");
-    createFeishuThreadBindingManager({ cfg: baseConfig as any, accountId: "work" });
+    createFeishuThreadBindingManager({ cfg: baseConfig, accountId: "work" });
 
     const result = await spawnHandler(
       {
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ describe("feishu subagent hook handlers", () => {
     const handlers = registerHandlersForTest();
     const spawnHandler = getRequiredHookHandler(handlers, "subagent_spawning");
     const deliveryHandler = getRequiredHookHandler(handlers, "subagent_delivery_target");
-    const manager = createFeishuThreadBindingManager({ cfg: baseConfig as any, accountId: "work" });
+    const manager = createFeishuThreadBindingManager({ cfg: baseConfig, accountId: "work" });
 
     manager.bindConversation({
       conversationId: "oc_group_chat:topic:om_topic_root:sender:ou_sender_1",
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ describe("feishu subagent hook handlers", () => {
     const handlers = registerHandlersForTest();
     const spawnHandler = getRequiredHookHandler(handlers, "subagent_spawning");
     const deliveryHandler = getRequiredHookHandler(handlers, "subagent_delivery_target");
-    createFeishuThreadBindingManager({ cfg: baseConfig as any, accountId: "work" });
+    createFeishuThreadBindingManager({ cfg: baseConfig, accountId: "work" });
 
     await spawnHandler(
       {
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ describe("feishu subagent hook handlers", () => {
     const handlers = registerHandlersForTest();
     const spawnHandler = getRequiredHookHandler(handlers, "subagent_spawning");
     const deliveryHandler = getRequiredHookHandler(handlers, "subagent_delivery_target");
-    const manager = createFeishuThreadBindingManager({ cfg: baseConfig as any, accountId: "work" });
+    const manager = createFeishuThreadBindingManager({ cfg: baseConfig, accountId: "work" });
 
     manager.bindConversation({
       conversationId: "oc_group_chat:topic:om_topic_root:sender:ou_sender_1",
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ describe("feishu subagent hook handlers", () => {
     const handlers = registerHandlersForTest();
     const spawnHandler = getRequiredHookHandler(handlers, "subagent_spawning");
     const deliveryHandler = getRequiredHookHandler(handlers, "subagent_delivery_target");
-    const manager = createFeishuThreadBindingManager({ cfg: baseConfig as any, accountId: "work" });
+    const manager = createFeishuThreadBindingManager({ cfg: baseConfig, accountId: "work" });
 
     manager.bindConversation({
       conversationId: "oc_group_chat:topic:om_topic_root",
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ describe("feishu subagent hook handlers", () => {
 
   it("returns an error for unsupported non-topic Feishu group conversations", async () => {
     const handler = getRequiredHookHandler(registerHandlersForTest(), "subagent_spawning");
-    createFeishuThreadBindingManager({ cfg: baseConfig as any, accountId: "work" });
+    createFeishuThreadBindingManager({ cfg: baseConfig, accountId: "work" });
 
     await expect(
       handler(
@@ -523,7 +523,7 @@ describe("feishu subagent hook handlers", () => {
     const spawnHandler = getRequiredHookHandler(handlers, "subagent_spawning");
     const deliveryHandler = getRequiredHookHandler(handlers, "subagent_delivery_target");
     const endedHandler = getRequiredHookHandler(handlers, "subagent_ended");
-    createFeishuThreadBindingManager({ cfg: baseConfig as any, accountId: "work" });
+    createFeishuThreadBindingManager({ cfg: baseConfig, accountId: "work" });
 
     await spawnHandler(
       {